Haz-Mat Q & A Print this page
Our "Haz-Mat Guru" (Pano Koukopoulos) has given into to your request and is going to post a question each week that he hopes will tickle your brain and Haz-Mat knowledge. So - take a moment to read the question - do some research and email the "Hazmat Claus, OH, OH, OH" your answer to him. Good Luck ...........
Email: HazMatQA@woodburyfd.org
Question 2, 10-29-09
Is either of these two compounds (H2S and CO) flammable? If so, which one is more flammable? And can we use the miniRAE 2000 to detect either?
Answer:
Are either CO or H2S flammable?
According to DOT regulations, a gas is flammable if
1.its flammable range (FR) is 12 or more percentage points or
2.if its LEL is less than 13%, regardless of the UEL
CO: LEL=12.5%, UEL=74%
H2S: LEL=4%, UEL=44%
Therefore, both gases will ignite given the right conditions.
Which is more flammable?
H2S will reach the "boom point" at a lower concentration, which means that you need less hydrogen sulfide in a given atmospheric volume to render it flammable than you need CO. Both, however, will burn once they reach concentrations within their flammable range.
Can we use the miniREA2000 to detect either?
Well, we have monitors that can pick up each of these two substances at concentrations of ppm. So using the PID would help us confirm our findings.
Our PID has a lamp that excites the gases/vapors that enter its chamber. Upon excitation, those molecules become ionized and attain positive or negative charges. This electro-positivity or negativity is what the instrument reads and converts it into ppm.
The PID has a lamp of 10.6 eV (electron-volts) and can only excite gases/vapors that have an ionization potential (IP) of less than that. If the IP of a substance is over 10.6 eV, our PID cannot "see" it.
Our trusty NIOSH pocket guide provides IP values for many substances.
Look it up. You will discover that the IP of
CO is 14.01 eV and
H2S is 10.46 eV.
Week 1 ~ October 22, 2009
Two of the most commonly encountered toxic gases are CO and H2S.
Which one is more hazardous?
Answer:
So, which of the two is more hazardous?
Let's examine our readily available NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards:
There are many values that we could use to compare the relative toxicity of these two compounds, but let's stick with our bread and butter for now: IDLH (It's Deadly Like Hell or Immediately Danderous to Life and Health.)
IDLH for CO = 1200 ppm
IDLH for H2S = 100 ppm
Make sure that you are comparing values that are followed by the same unit, otherwise you are comparing apples with oranges. Both are fruit, but do not taste the same.
Looking at the two IDLH values, it is clear that hydrogen sulfide is more toxic than CO, but that is not what the question stated. The question was "which is more hazardous" and the answer is: CO. The odor threshold for H2S is 2-3 ppm. We can smell the rotten eggs right away and know we are dealing with something bad. We cannot, however, smell, taste, see, or feel CO without a gas meter and there is a reason why it is calld the "silent killer."
HOWEVER, hydrogen sulfide will fatigue your olfactory (smell) senses rapidly and you will no longer be able to detect it with your nose. So, pack up for safety and get the meters out.
Remember:
"You better not taste or smell for a clue
Don't use any water if the placard is blue
Hazmat claus is coming to town"
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